Machiavelli, The Prince
-orginally written 1513, not published until 1532
-first work of modern philosophy
-empasizes pragmatism instead of theology
-13 sections
-introduction
-examines political power in the western world
-Defense/Military
-in order to hold a city, one must have a formidable army or strong fortifcations
-is strongly against mercenary armies
-Self-Reliance
-you will be more respected if you gain power by overthrowing a hated order than being given power
-Reform and revolution
-people are naturally against change
-avoid at all cost
-Reputation of a prince
-if at all possible, have a good reputation, but not 100% necessary
-Generosity vs Parsimony
-a good balance is necessary, but lean toward parsimony
-Cruelty vs Mercy
-it is best to be both feared and loved, but if you cannot be both, lean towards fear
-How to keep your word
-always keep it unless absolutly necessary
-Avoiding Hatred
-keep people and nobles satisfied
-Gain honors
-by completing great feats
-Nobles and Staff
-king will seem wiser if he is smarter than those he surrounds himself with
-Avoiding flatterers
-counselors must be truthful
-Fortune
-unavoidable, but can be influenced