- Horrifying brutality of execution
- Terrifying standardization of violence (the warden drinks vodka in the morning and then goes to execute men for his job).
- Moral issues (warden likely had to hide the suffering deep inside so as not to appear soft in a strict regime)
II. Collective Guilt
- Yefim Shatalov, a high ranking manager, is wrongly accused, as often happened in the days of Stalin's "Red Terror."
- Acquaintances, Ulrich and Shatalov, are turned against one another by this system.
- There is no fairness in the courts, and once one is accused, their being condemned is almost certain
III. the Heartless Bureaucracy
- Auntie Pasha is reported, arrested, tried and sentenced to seven years of prison for 72 pairs of stockings, despite being an obviously kind and well-intentioned person.
- While in jail, a son of hers is killed in battle
- Her eldest son was severely wounded and put in the hospital while she was in prison
- Pasha's request for early release to see her son was denied because it had "no grounds".
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